Creating a new class from existing class is called as inheritance.
//All the car properties can be used by the supercar
class SuperCar : car
{
}
When a new class needs same members as an existing class, then instead of creating those members again in new class, the new class can be created from existing class, which is called as inheritance.
Main advantage of inheritance is reusability of the code.
During inheritance, the class that is inherited is called as base class and the class that does the inheritance is called as derived class and every non private member in base class will become the member of derived class.
If you want the base class members to be accessed by derived class only , you can apply access modifier Protected to the base class member.
There are 5 Different types of inheritance.
Syntax
[Access Modifier] class ClassName : baseclassname
{
}
C# Inheritance Example
//Example program demonstrates singular inheritance
using System;
namespace ProgramCall
{
class BaseClass
{
//Method to find sum of give 2 numbers
public int FindSum(int x, int y)
{
return (x + y);
}
//method to print given 2 numbers
//When declared protected , can be accessed only from inside the derived class
//cannot access with the instance of derived class
protected void Print(int x, int y)
{
Console.WriteLine("First Number: " + x);
Console.WriteLine("Second Number: " + y);
}
}
class Derivedclass : BaseClass
{
public void Print3numbers(int x, int y, int z)
{
Print(x, y); //We can directly call baseclass members
Console.WriteLine("Third Number: " + z);
}
}
class MainClass
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//Create instance for derived class, so that base class members
// can also be accessed
// can also be accessed
//This is possible because derivedclass is inheriting base class
Derivedclass instance = new Derivedclass();
instance.Print3numbers(30, 40, 50); //Derived class internally calls base class method.
int sum = instance.FindSum(30, 40); //calling base class method with derived class instance
Console.WriteLine("Sum : " + sum);
Console.Read();
}
}
}
Output
First Number: 30
Second Number: 40
Third Number: 50
Sum : 70
Different Types of Inheritance
Creating a new class from existing class is called as inheritance.
What is Inheritance in C#
Inheritance can be classified to 5 types.
- Single Inheritance
- Hierarchical Inheritance
- Multi Level Inheritance
- Hybrid Inheritance
- Multiple Inheritance
when a single derived class is created from a single base class then the inheritance is called as single inheritance.
Single Inheritance Example Program
2. Hierarchical Inheritance
when more than one derived class are created from a single base class, then that inheritance is called as hierarchical inheritance.
3. Multi Level Inheritance
when a derived class is created from another derived class, then that inheritance is called as multi level inheritance.
4. Hybrid Inheritance
Any combination of single, hierarchical and multi level inheritances is called as hybrid inheritance.
5. Multiple Inheritance
when a derived class is created from more than one base class then that inheritance is called as multiple inheritance. But multiple inheritance is not supported by .net using classes and can be done using interfaces.
Multiple Inheritance Example
Handling the complexity that causes due to multiple inheritance is very complex. Hence it was not supported in dotnet with class and it can be done with interfaces.
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